Description: Dapagliflozin and Metformin is a combination of two oral anti-diabetic medications used to manage type 2 diabetes. Dapagliflozin is a Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, while Metformin is a biguanide.

Indication: This combination medicine is used, along with diet and exercise, to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also indicated to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in adults with type 2 diabetes who also have cardiovascular disease.

Mechanism of Action: The drug works through two complementary mechanisms:

• Dapagliflozin: It works in the kidneys by inhibiting the SGLT2 protein. This prevents the reabsorption of glucose back into the bloodstream, causing excess glucose to be excreted in the urine, thus lowering blood sugar levels.
• Metformin: It works primarily by decreasing glucose production by the liver, reducing the absorption of glucose from the intestines, and improving the body’s sensitivity to insulin. This helps the body use glucose more effectively.