Description: Candesartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). It is a prodrug, meaning it is an inactive substance (candesartan cilexetil) that is converted into its active form (candesartan) by the body during absorption. It works by affecting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which helps regulate blood pressure.

Indication: Candesartan is primarily used to treat:

• High blood pressure (Hypertension): It is used alone or with other medications to lower blood pressure.
• Heart failure: It is used to treat congestive heart failure and reduce the number of hospital visits for heart problems.

Mechanism of Action: Candesartan works by blocking the angiotensin II receptor, subtype 1 (AT1​). By blocking this receptor, it prevents the effects of angiotensin II, a powerful hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict and triggers the release of aldosterone, which leads to sodium and water retention. The result of blocking these actions is:

• Vasodilation: Blood vessels relax and widen, allowing blood to flow more smoothly.
• Decreased fluid retention: The body excretes excess water and sodium.

These combined effects lead to a reduction in blood pressure and a decrease in the workload on the heart.