Description

Dexibuprofen is a synthetic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is the pharmacologically active S(+) enantiomer of the racemic mixture, ibuprofen. This means that while standard ibuprofen contains equal parts of the S(+) and R(-) enantiomers, dexibuprofen is composed solely of the S(+) form, which is responsible for the drug’s therapeutic effects. This single-isomer formulation allows it to provide the same analgesic and anti-inflammatory benefits as ibuprofen, often at a lower dose.

Indications

Dexibuprofen is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of various inflammatory and painful conditions. Its key indications include:

• Osteoarthritis: For the symptomatic relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis.
• Dysmenorrhea: For the relief of menstrual cramps and pain.

• Acute Pain: For the management of mild to moderate acute pain, such as that following dental surgery or from musculo-skeletal injuries.
• Headaches: It can be used for the symptomatic relief of headaches.

Mechanism of Action

Dexibuprofen’s mechanism of action is based on its ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of inflammation, pain, and fever. This mechanism is identical to that of its parent compound, ibuprofen.

1. Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase (COX) Enzymes: Dexibuprofen works by non-selectively inhibiting the activity of the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins.

2. Blocking Prostaglandin Synthesis: By inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2, dexibuprofen significantly reduces the production of prostaglandins.

• • The inhibition of COX-2 is responsible for the drug’s primary therapeutic effects: reducing inflammation, pain, and fever.
  • The inhibition of COX-1 is responsible for some of the common side effects of NSAIDs, such as gastrointestinal irritation and an increased risk of ulcers.

3. Single-Isomer Advantage: The R(-) enantiomer of ibuprofen is largely inactive and is partially converted to the active S(+) form in the body. By administering only the active S(+) enantiomer as dexibuprofen, a similar therapeutic effect can be achieved with a lower dose, which may potentially lead to a lower incidence of side effects.

In summary, dexibuprofen is a potent, non-selective NSAID that provides its therapeutic effects by blocking the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Its formulation as a single, active isomer allows it to be an effective alternative to racemic ibuprofen.