Description: Acnetin (tretinoin) is a topical medication derived from Vitamin A, belonging to a class of drugs called retinoids. It is available in various forms, such as creams and gels, and is used to treat skin conditions.

Indication: Acnetin (tretinoin) is primarily indicated for the treatment of:

• Acne vulgaris: It is used to treat mild, moderate, and severe acne, including comedones, papules, and pustules.
• Fine facial wrinkles and skin roughness: Some formulations are also approved as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the appearance of fine wrinkles and improve skin texture caused by sun damage.
• Hyperpigmentation: It can help to lighten dark spots and improve uneven skin tone.

Mechanism of Action: The exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, but its effects are believed to be mediated through the following actions:

1. Regulates cell turnover: Tretinoin stimulates the renewal of skin cells, causing them to divide and shed more quickly. This helps to unclog pores and prevent the formation of new acne lesions.
2. Reduces comedone formation: It promotes the detachment of cornified cells and enhances the shedding of dead skin cells, which helps to expel the contents of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads).
3. Decreases sebum production: While the effect is not as dramatic as with oral isotretinoin, topical tretinoin can help regulate sebum (oil) production, making the skin environment less favorable for acne-causing bacteria.
4. Anti-inflammatory effects: Tretinoin has anti-inflammatory properties that help to reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne.